Logical Reasoning Based on Puzzles- Reasoning Study Notes for Bank Exam

REASONING NOTES FOR BANK EXAM

SBI, IBPS & RRB

Logical Reasoning Based on Puzzles
PUZZLE 1
In bank exam (SBI, IBPS, and RRB) & SSC Reasoning is one of the most important sections. A good score in reasoning test can lead you at higher marks in banking exam. So as continuously we are providing reasoning study notes on different topics.  In competitive exams the most important thing is time management, if you know how to manage your time then you can do well in Bank Exams. In reasoning some questions are very easy which needs only few seconds to solve them. But some of the questions are very tricky and lengthy for example LOGIC PUZZLES questions but as well as it is very important topic. Usually 14 – 15 questions can be given from this topic in bank exam or other competitive exams as well. It can be easy topic if you have right tricks to find out logic by which the puzzle will be solved. Here we are providing important tips and example which are asked in SBI, IBPS bank exams.  
This section of analytical reasoning comprises of questions put in the form of puzzles involving certain number of items, be it persons or things. The candidate is required to analyze the given information, condense it in a suitable form and answer the questions asked.
The questions on Reasoning puzzle test may be any of the following types:
         i.            Classification Type questions
       ii.            Seating/placing Arrangements
     iii.            Comparison type questions
     iv.            Sequential order of Things
       v.            Selection based on given Conditions
     vi.            Family based problems
   vii.            Jumble problems
CLASSIFICATION TYPE QUESTIONS ON LOGIC PUZZLE:
This type consists of question in which certain items belonging to different groups or possessing different qualities are given along with some clues with the help of which the candidate is required to group and analyse the given items and answer the questions accordingly.
EXMAPLE: Study the following information carefully and answer the given questions:
         i.            B and E are good in Dramatics and Computer Science.
       ii.            A and B are good in Computer Science and Physics.
     iii.            A, D and C are good in physics and History.
     iv.            C and A are good in Physics and Mathematics.
       v.            D and E are good in History and Dramatics.
According to above statement gives the answer to the questions given below:
1.     Who is good in Physics, History and Dramatics?
a.       A
b.      B
c.       D
d.      E
e.       None of these
2.     Who is good in Physics, History and Mathematics, but not in Computer Science?

a.       A
b.      B
c.       C
d.      D
e.       None of these
3.     Who is good in Computer Science, History and Dramatics?
a.       A
b.      B
c.       C
d.      E
e.       D
4.     Who is good in History, Physics, Computer Science and Mathematics?
a.       A
b.      B
c.       C
d.      D
e.       E
5.     Who is good in Physics, Dramatics and Computer Science?
a.       A
b.      B
c.       D
d.      E
e.       None of these

SOLUTION: The given information can be analyzed as under:

Dramatics
Computer Sc.
Physics
History
Mathematics
A
      ×
ü   
ü   
ü   
ü   
B
ü   
ü   
ü   
      ×
      ×
C
      ×
      ×
ü   
ü   
ü   
D
ü   
      ×
ü   
ü   
      ×
E
ü   
ü   
      ×
ü   
      ×
ANSWER:
1.      D is good in Physics, History and Dramatics. So, the answer is (c).
2.      Both A and C are good in Physics, History and Mathematics. But A is god in Computer Science, while C is not. So, the answer is (c).
3.      E is good in Computer Science, History and Dramatics. Hence, the answer is (d).
4.      A is good in History, physics, Computer Science and Mathematics. Hence, the answer is (a).
5.      B is good in Physics, Dramatics and Computer Science. Hence, the answer is (b).

EXAMPLE: Read the following information carefully and answer the questions given below it:
There are six persons A, B, C, D, E, and F in a school. Each of the teachers teaches two subjects, one compulsory subject and the other optional subject. D’s optional subject was History while three others have it as compulsory subject. E and F have Physics as one of their subjects. F’s compulsory subject is Mathematics which is an optional subject of both C and E. History and English are A’s subjects but in terms of compulsory and optional subjects, they are just reverse of those of D’s. Chemistry is an optional subject of only one of them. The only female teacher in the school has English as her compulsory subject.
1.     What is C’s compulsory subject?
a.       History
b.      Physics
c.       Chemistry
d.      English
e.       Mathematics
2.     Who is a female member in the group?
a.       A
b.      B
c.       C
d.      D
e.       E
3.     Which of the following has same compulsory and optional subjects as those of F’s?
a.       D
b.      B
c.       A
d.       C
e.       None of these
4.     Disregarding which is the compulsory and which is the optional subject, who has the same two subject combination as F?
a.       A
b.      B
c.       E
d.      D
e.       None of these
5.     Which of the following groups has History as the compulsory subject?
a.       A, C, D
b.      B, C, D
c.       C, D
d.      A, B, C
e.       A, D
SOLUTION:
The given information can be analysed as follows:
Let ‘O’ denote optional and ‘C’ denote compulsory.

A
B
C
D
E
F
History
C
C
C
O
-
-
Physics
-
-
-
-
C
O
Mathematics
-
-
O
-
O
C
English
O
-
-
C
-
-
Chemistry
-
O
-
-
-
-
F’s compulsory subject is Mathematics. F has Physics as one of the subjects. So, physics is the optional subject of F.
E has Mathematics as optional and physics as one subject.  So, Physics is the compulsory subject of E.
A and D have the same subjects – History and English.  D has History as optional subject and so English is the compulsory subject of D. Subjects of A and D are reverse in regard of optional and compulsory. So, A has History as compulsory subject and English as optional.
Chemistry is the optional subject of only one teacher. So, it is the optional subject of B, which only remains. We know that History is the compulsory subject of three teachers. So, it is compulsory for A, B and C.
D is the teacher having English as her compulsory subject. So, D is the only female teacher.
ANSWERS:
1.      C’s compulsory subject is History. So, the answer is (a).
2.      D is the only female teacher. So, the answer is (d).
3.      E has same subjects as those of F but the compulsory and optional subjects of E are reverse of those of F. So, the answer is ‘None of these’ i.e. (e).
4.      Clearly, E has the same subject combination as that of F. Hence, the answer is (c).
5.      A, B and C have History as the compulsory subject. So the answer is (d).


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